1.英美文化常識
一。（一）美國貨幣
美國貨幣由美元dollar和美分cent組成，one dollar等于100 cents。其紙幣bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬幣（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。在數(shù)字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在數(shù)字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分組成的錢數(shù)時，常用$表示，如：$6.50。
（二）英國貨幣
英國貨幣由英鎊（pound）和便士（pence）組成，也分為紙幣notes和硬幣coins。紙幣有面值五鎊、十鎊、二十鎊和五十鎊；而硬幣，即金屬貨幣有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一鎊等。若指一定數(shù)額的硬幣，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；隨身帶的硬幣可用change表示。100 pence等于1 pound。在數(shù)字前加￡表示多少英鎊，如：￡800為800英鎊；在數(shù)字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的復(fù)數(shù)）；表示由英鎊和便士組成的錢數(shù)時通常不說出pence，如3鎊50便士可說成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
2.英美文化知識
一。
（一）美國貨幣 美國貨幣由美元dollar和美分cent組成，one dollar等于100 cents。其紙幣bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬幣（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。
在數(shù)字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在數(shù)字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分組成的錢數(shù)時，常用$表示，如：$6.50。 （二）英國貨幣 英國貨幣由英鎊（pound）和便士（pence）組成，也分為紙幣notes和硬幣coins。
紙幣有面值五鎊、十鎊、二十鎊和五十鎊；而硬幣，即金屬貨幣有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一鎊等。若指一定數(shù)額的硬幣，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；隨身帶的硬幣可用change表示。
100 pence等于1 pound。在數(shù)字前加￡表示多少英鎊，如：￡800為800英鎊；在數(shù)字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的復(fù)數(shù)）；表示由英鎊和便士組成的錢數(shù)時通常不說出pence，如3鎊50便士可說成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
3.英美文化常識
一。
（一）美國貨幣美國貨幣由美元dollar和美分cent組成，one dollar等于100 cents。其紙幣bill有一、二、五、十、二十、五十和一百美元等面值；硬幣（coin）有一美分（或a penny）、五美分（或a nickel）、十美分（或a dime）和二十五美分（或a quarter）等。
在數(shù)字前加$表示美元，如：$500表示五百美元；在數(shù)字后加C表示美分，如：50C表示50美分；表示由美元和美分組成的錢數(shù)時，常用$表示，如：$6.50。 （二）英國貨幣 英國貨幣由英鎊（pound）和便士（pence）組成，也分為紙幣notes和硬幣coins。
紙幣有面值五鎊、十鎊、二十鎊和五十鎊；而硬幣，即金屬貨幣有一便士、二便士、五便士、十便士、二十便士、五十便士和一鎊等。若指一定數(shù)額的硬幣，通常用piece，如2P(pieces)；隨身帶的硬幣可用change表示。
100 pence等于1 pound。在數(shù)字前加￡表示多少英鎊，如：￡800為800英鎊；在數(shù)字后加P表示多少便士，如：5P表示五便士（penny的復(fù)數(shù)）；表示由英鎊和便士組成的錢數(shù)時通常不說出pence，如3鎊50便士可說成￡3.50或three pounds and fifty。
4.有關(guān)英美文學(xué)的知識
1. The work that presented , for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely______. A. William Langland ' Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower'Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightAnswer: B2. The tragedy of Dr.Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe's The Tragic History of Dr.Faustus, is the very face that_____.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan WarAnswer: A3. Here are two lines from a ling poem: "Upon a great adventure he was bond, That greatest Gloriana to him gave." The poem must be_____.A. BeowulfB. John Milton's Samson AgonistesC. Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a County ChurchyardD. Edmund Spenser's The Faerie QueeneAnswer: D4. Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality , order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual's feeling and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its modelsAnswer: A5. When he writes, in An Essay on Criticism, "A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, / Is like a clown in regal purple dressed", Alexander Poppe means that __________.A. pompous words are always destructive to good tasteB. the purple colour is for the royal only and it is ridiculous to dress a clown in purpleC. conceits are always misleadingD. true wit is best in a plain styleAnswer: D。
5.英國文化知識
Let's Learn About England一IntroductionThe British Isles have a rich history going back thousands of years.The history of the United Kingdom includes also the history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The history is full of invaders, wars, rulers. 二The Kings and Queens Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separated.Following the Accession of King James VI of Scotland (I of England) to the English Throne. From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.三The best known Queen: Elizabeth gave the name to a golden age of poets, statesmen and adventurers. Known as the Virgin Queen, or Gloriana.四The best known King:Claims to the throne of France led to the Hundred Years' War and the loss of almost all the large English territory in France. Eduard III五The Historical Flag When King James VI of Scotland ascended to the English throne, thereby becoming James I of England, the national flags of England and Scotland on land continued to be.Flag? crossesThe Union Jack/Flag includes the Cross of St. George (England), the Cross of St. Andrew (Scotland) and the Cross of St. Patrick (Ireland). 六The Most Important WarsThe Hundred Years War 1336-1565 Wars of the Roses 1455-1487Civil War 1642-1645 Boer War 1901-1902World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945 七Walesa Celtic land of mountains and coalNorthern IrelandIt is clear today that the Irish problem has not been solved. Northern Protestants feel they have a right to determine their own future democratically. Northern Catholics feel they have the right to be part of a united Ireland. 八ScotlandAn English army arrived to relieve the Scots siege of Stirling. Bruce defeated the English army under Edward II, who was lucky to escape with his life. The Scots victory at the Battle of Bannockburn secured complete Scots independence.九EnglandEngland has always played an important role in the world? economy and business.十Historical Monumentthe name of a very remarkable ancient monument in England It consists of a great collection of stones 十一A Few Facts About EnglandEngland is part of the United Kingdom which is made up of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.England is part of the European Union.The capital of England is London.The money used is called the pound.The population of England is 60,776,238.The language spoken is English.十二Let's visit some important cities in England.Oxford University and the University of Cambridge are both famous around the world.十三England's Important People Famous authors - Beatrix Potter, Roald Dahl and J.K. RowlingWilliam Shakespeare - famous for writing playsQueen Elizabeth and the royal familyThe Beatles -famous singing group who became popular in the 1960sDido – English Singer十四What English Kids DoEnglish kids like to play football, cricket, tennis and netball.Many kids belong to clubs like scouts, judo, karate and church clubs.Kids also like to skateboard, watch TV, ride bicycles and play computer games. Kids in the cities spend time in the many museums.F十五amous Sights in EnglandBig Ben ClockWestminster AbbeyTower of LondonLondon EyeTrafalgar SquareBuckingham Palace 十六Visit the Sights in the Harry Potter Books!!Go to this website for information on places that are important to find - /Funtodo/England/visitharrypottersites.htmKing's Cross StationLondon ZooAlnwick CastleGloucester CathedralLacock Abbey十七What the English Like to EatFish and chipsTea and biscuits。
6.有關(guān)英美文化的英語知識
英語國家中傳統(tǒng)的文娛和體育活動：棒球、橄欖球等；英國：4月23日/7月---戲劇節(jié)--為紀(jì)念莎士比亞而舉行的盛大文娛活動英語國家中重要的節(jié)假日：圣誕節(jié)---12月25日，情人節(jié)----2月14日；感恩節(jié)—11月的第四個星期四開始，持續(xù)四天感恩節(jié)每年11月的最后一個星期四是感恩節(jié) （Thanksgiving Day） 。
感恩節(jié)是美國人民獨創(chuàng)的一個古老節(jié)日，也是美國人合家歡聚的節(jié)日，因此美國人提起感恩節(jié)總是倍感親切。 感恩節(jié)的由來要一直追溯到美國歷史的發(fā)端。
1620年，著名的“五月花”號船滿載不堪忍受英國國內(nèi)宗教迫害的清教徒102人到達(dá)美洲。1620年和1621年之交的冬天，他們遇到了難以想象的困難，處在饑寒交迫之中，冬天過去時，活下來的移民只有50來人。
這時，心地善良的印第安人給移民送來了生活必需品，還特地派人教他們怎樣狩獵、捕魚和種植玉米、南瓜。在印第安人的幫助下，移民們終于獲得了豐收，在歡慶豐收的日子，按照宗教傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，移民規(guī)定了感謝上帝的日子，并決定為感謝印第安人的真誠幫助，邀請他們一同慶祝節(jié)日。
在第一個感恩節(jié)的這一天，印第安人和移民歡聚一堂，他們在黎明時鳴放禮炮，列隊走進(jìn)一間用作教堂的屋子，虔誠地向上帝表達(dá)謝意，然后點起篝火舉行盛大宴會。第二天和第三天又舉行了摔跤、賽跑、唱歌、跳舞等活動。
第一個感恩節(jié)非常成功。其中許多慶祝方式流傳了300多年，一直保留到今天。
初時感恩節(jié)沒有固定日期，由各州臨時決定。直到美國獨立后的1863年，林肯總統(tǒng)宣布感恩節(jié)為全國性節(jié)日。
習(xí) 俗 每逢感恩節(jié)這一天，美國舉國上下熱鬧非常，人們按照習(xí)俗前往教堂做感恩祈禱，城鄉(xiāng)市鎮(zhèn)到處舉行化裝游行、戲劇表演和體育比賽等，學(xué)校和商店也都按規(guī)定放假體息。孩子們還模仿當(dāng)年印第安人的模樣穿上離奇古怪的服裝，畫上臉譜或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。
散居在他鄉(xiāng)外地的家人也會回家過節(jié)，一家人團(tuán)團(tuán)圍坐在一起，大嚼美味火雞。 同時，好客的美國人也忘不掉這一天邀請好友、單身漢或遠(yuǎn)離家鄉(xiāng)的入共度佳節(jié)。
從18世紀(jì)起，美國就開始出現(xiàn)一種給貧窮人家送一籃子食物的風(fēng)俗。當(dāng)時有一群年輕婦女想在一年中選一天專門做善事，認(rèn)為選定感恩節(jié)是最恰當(dāng)不過的。
所以感恩節(jié)一到，她們就裝上滿清一籃食物親自送到窮人家。這件事遠(yuǎn)近傳聞，不久就有許多人學(xué)著她們的樣子做起來。
美 食 美國人一年中最重視的一餐，就是感恩節(jié)的晚宴。在美國這個生活節(jié)奏很快，競爭激烈的國度里，平日的飲食極為簡單。
但在感恩節(jié)的夜晚，家家戶戶都大辦筵席，物品之豐盛，令人咋舌。在節(jié)日的餐桌上，上至總統(tǒng)，下至庶民，火雞和南瓜餅都是必備的。
因此，感恩節(jié)也被稱為“火雞節(jié)”。 感恩節(jié)的食品富有傳統(tǒng)特色。
火雞是感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)主菜，它原是棲息于北美洲的野禽，后經(jīng)人們大批飼養(yǎng)，成為美味家禽，每只可重達(dá)四五十磅。通常是把火雞肚子里塞上各種調(diào)料和拌好的食品，然后整只烤出，雞皮烤成深棕色，由男主人用刀切成薄片分給大家。
然后由各人自己澆上鹵汁，灑上鹽，味道十分鮮美。此外，感恩節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)食品還有甜山芋、玉蜀黍、南瓜餅、紅莓苔子果醬、自己烘烤的面包及各種蔬菜和水果等。
游 戲 感恩節(jié)宴會后，有些家庭還常常做些傳統(tǒng)游戲。第一次感恩節(jié)，人們進(jìn)行了跳舞、比賽等許多娛樂活動，其中有些一直流傳至今。
有種游戲叫蔓越桔競賽，是把一個裝有蔓越桔的大碗放在地上，4-10名競賽者圍坐在周圍，每人發(fā)給針線一份。比賽一開始，他們先穿針線，然后把蔓越桔一個個串起來，3分鐘一到；誰串得最長，誰就得獎。
至于穿得最慢的人，大家還開玩笑地發(fā)給他一個最差獎。 還有一種玉米游戲也很古老。
據(jù)說這是為了紀(jì)念當(dāng)年在糧食匱乏的情況下發(fā)給每個移民五個玉米而流傳下來的。游戲時。
人們把五個玉米藏在屋里，由大家分頭去找，找到玉米的五個人參加比賽，其他人在一旁觀看。比賽開始，五個人就迅速把玉米粒剝在一個碗里，誰先剝完誰得獎，然后由沒有參加比賽的人圍在碗旁邊猜里面有多少玉米粒，猜得數(shù)量最接近的獎給一大意爆玉米花。
人們最喜愛的游戲要算南瓜賽跑了。比賽者用一把小勺推著南瓜跑，規(guī)則是絕對不能用手碰南瓜，先到終點者獲獎。
比賽用的勺子越小，游戲就越有意思。 除去這些活動外，有些家庭在節(jié)日里驅(qū)車到鄉(xiāng)間去郊游，或是坐飛機出去旅行，特別是當(dāng)年移民們安家落戶的地方——普利茅斯港更是游客們向往的所在。
在那里，可以看到按照“五月花”號仿制的船和普利茅斯石，還可以花幾個小時在移民村里參觀。移民村是仿照當(dāng)年的樣子建成的。
參觀時，還有專門人員扮成請教徒同游客們談天，給人以身臨其境的感覺。 多少年來，慶祝感恩節(jié)的習(xí)俗代代相傳，無論在巖石嶙峋的西海岸還是在風(fēng)光旖旎的夏威夷，人們幾乎在以同樣的方式歡度感恩節(jié)，感恩節(jié)是不論何種信仰、何種民族的美國人都慶祝的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。
圣誕節(jié)12月25日這一天，各教會都會分別舉行崇拜儀式。天主教與東正教舉行圣誕彌撤，新教舉行圣誕禮拜。
有些教會的慶?；顒?從午夜零點就開始。除崇拜儀式外，還演出圣誕劇，表演 耶穌降生的故事。
圣誕起源據(jù)。
7.英國文化知識
Let's Learn About England一IntroductionThe British Isles have a rich history going back thousands of years.The history of the United Kingdom includes also the history of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The history is full of invaders, wars, rulers. 二The Kings and Queens Until 1603 the English and Scottish Crowns were separated.Following the Accession of King James VI of Scotland (I of England) to the English Throne. From the end of the 17th century, monarchs lost executive power and they became subject to Parliament, resulting in today's constitutional Monarchy.三The best known Queen: Elizabeth gave the name to a golden age of poets, statesmen and adventurers. Known as the Virgin Queen, or Gloriana.四The best known King:Claims to the throne of France led to the Hundred Years' War and the loss of almost all the large English territory in France. Eduard III五The Historical Flag When King James VI of Scotland ascended to the English throne, thereby becoming James I of England, the national flags of England and Scotland on land continued to be.Flag? crossesThe Union Jack/Flag includes the Cross of St. George (England), the Cross of St. Andrew (Scotland) and the Cross of St. Patrick (Ireland). 六The Most Important WarsThe Hundred Years War 1336-1565 Wars of the Roses 1455-1487Civil War 1642-1645 Boer War 1901-1902World War I 1914-1918 World War II 1939-1945 七Walesa Celtic land of mountains and coalNorthern IrelandIt is clear today that the Irish problem has not been solved. Northern Protestants feel they have a right to determine their own future democratically. Northern Catholics feel they have the right to be part of a united Ireland. 八ScotlandAn English army arrived to relieve the Scots siege of Stirling. Bruce defeated the English army under Edward II, who was lucky to escape with his life. The Scots victory at the Battle of Bannockburn secured complete Scots independence.九EnglandEngland has always played an important role in the world? economy and business.十Historical Monumentthe name of a very remarkable ancient monument in England It consists of a great collection of stones 十一A Few Facts About EnglandEngland is part of the United Kingdom which is made up of England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.England is part of the European Union.The capital of England is London.The money used is called the pound.The population of England is 60,776,238.The language spoken is English.十二Let's visit some important cities in England.Oxford University and the University of Cambridge are both famous around the world.十三England's Important People Famous authors - Beatrix Potter, Roald Dahl and J.K. RowlingWilliam Shakespeare - famous for writing playsQueen Elizabeth and the royal familyThe Beatles -famous singing group who became popular in the 1960sDido – English Singer十四What English Kids DoEnglish kids like to play football, cricket, tennis and netball.Many kids belong to clubs like scouts, judo, karate and church clubs.Kids also like to skateboard, watch TV, ride bicycles and play computer games. Kids in the cities spend time in the many museums.F十五amous Sights in EnglandBig Ben ClockWestminster AbbeyTower of LondonLondon EyeTrafalgar SquareBuckingham Palace 十六Visit the Sights in the Harry Potter Books!!Go to this website for information on places that are important to find - /Funtodo/England/visitharrypottersites.htmKing's Cross StationLondon ZooAlnwick CastleGloucester CathedralLacock Abbey十七What the English Like to EatFish and chipsTea and biscuits。
8.有關(guān)英美文學(xué)的知識
1. The work that presented , for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely______. A. William Langland ' Piers PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer's The Canterbury TalesC. John Gower'Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightAnswer: B2. The tragedy of Dr.Faustus, the protagonist in Christopher Marlowe's The Tragic History of Dr.Faustus, is the very face that_____.A. man is confined to timeB. he tried to join Africa to SpainC. he became a man without soul after he sold itD. he conjured up Helen, the lady who was the very course of the Trojan WarAnswer: A3. Here are two lines from a ling poem: "Upon a great adventure he was bond, That greatest Gloriana to him gave." The poem must be_____.A. BeowulfB. John Milton's Samson AgonistesC. Thomas Gray's Elegy Written in a County ChurchyardD. Edmund Spenser's The Faerie QueeneAnswer: D4. Literature of Neoclassicism is different from that of Romanticism in that ______.A .the former celebrates reason, rationality , order and instruction while the latter sees literature as an expression of an individual's feeling and experiencesB. the former is heavily religious but the latter secularC. the former is an intellectual movement the purpose of which is to arouse the middle class for political rights while the latter is concerned with the personal cultivation.D. the former advocates the "return to nature" whereas the latter turns to the ancient Greek and Roman writers for its modelsAnswer: A5. When he writes, in An Essay on Criticism, "A vile conceit in pompous words expressed, / Is like a clown in regal purple dressed", Alexander Poppe means that __________.A. pompous words are always destructive to good tasteB. the purple colour is for the royal only and it is ridiculous to dress a clown in purpleC. conceits are always misleadingD. true wit is best in a plain styleAnswer: D。
